Abscess - Medical Glossary

Abscess

An abscess is a pocket of pus that develops in the body due to infection. It occurs when the immune system tries to isolate an infection, resulting in inflammation, swelling, and pain. Abscesses can form anywhere under the skin, in the mouth, or within internal organs and often require medical treatment to drain the pus and clear the infection.

Understanding Abscesses?

Abscesses occur when bacteria or other pathogens invade tissue, prompting the body’s defense mechanisms to trap the infection. This leads to a buildup of white blood cells, dead tissue, and fluid, forming a painful lump filled with pus. They can result from cuts, blocked glands, or internal infections and vary in size and severity.

Symptoms and Signs of an Abscess?

Common symptoms include a painful, swollen lump that may be red and warm to the touch. The area can be tender and may release pus if ruptured. Fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes may accompany deeper or more serious infections. Abscesses near vital organs may cause specific symptoms depending on the location.

Causes and Risk Factors for Abscess Formation?

Abscesses are typically caused by bacterial infections, often involving Staphylococcus aureus. Risk factors include poor hygiene, weakened immune system, diabetes, skin injuries, and the presence of foreign objects like splinters or ingrown hairs. Internal abscesses may develop after surgeries, infections, or due to underlying health conditions.

Treatment and Management of Abscesses?

Superficial abscesses may be treated with warm compresses to promote drainage. However, many require incision and drainage by a healthcare provider, especially if large or painful. Antibiotics may be prescribed to eliminate the infection. Good hygiene and wound care are essential to prevent recurrence and promote healing.

When to Seek Medical Help for an Abscess?

Seek immediate care if the abscess becomes very painful, enlarges rapidly, causes fever, or shows no improvement after a few days. Deep or internal abscesses, especially those causing systemic symptoms, need prompt medical evaluation. Delayed treatment can lead to complications like sepsis or tissue damage.