ACE Inhibitor - Medical Glossary

Understanding How ACE Inhibitors Work?

ACE inhibitors are primarily used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and to protect kidney function in diabetic patients. These medications reduce strain on the heart and improve blood flow by preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. They also reduce the amount of water and salt retained by the body, helping lower overall blood volume and pressure.

Symptoms and Conditions Treated by ACE Inhibitors?

ACE inhibitors are used to manage symptoms of high blood pressure such as headaches, dizziness, and chest pressure. They are also prescribed for conditions like chronic heart failure, post-heart attack recovery, and diabetic nephropathy. In many cases, they are a first-line treatment to prevent complications from cardiovascular or kidney disease.

Causes and Risk Factors Requiring ACE Inhibitor Use?

ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed when hypertension is linked to aging, obesity, family history, or diabetes. Individuals with heart failure or those at risk of stroke may also be recommended these drugs. Risk factors prompting their use include high sodium intake, sedentary lifestyle, and chronic kidney conditions.

Common ACE Inhibitors and Side Effects?

Examples of ACE inhibitors include lisinopril, enalapril, ramipril, and captopril. While generally well-tolerated, side effects may include a persistent dry cough, dizziness, increased potassium levels, fatigue, or kidney function changes. Serious but rare effects include angioedema (swelling under the skin), which requires immediate medical attention.

When to Consult a Doctor About ACE Inhibitors?

You should consult your doctor if you experience unusual swelling, severe dizziness, persistent cough, or changes in urination while on ACE inhibitors. Regular monitoring of kidney function and electrolytes is essential during treatment. Always follow your healthcare provider’s guidance when starting, stopping, or adjusting ACE inhibitor medications.