Acute Abdomen - Medical Glossary

Understanding Acute Abdomen?

Acute abdomen is a medical term used for sudden and severe abdominal pain lasting for hours or days. It is not a specific disease but a symptom of various conditions affecting the digestive organs, kidneys, or reproductive system. The severity and location of pain help doctors determine the underlying cause, ranging from infections to life-threatening emergencies.

Symptoms and Signs that maybe with Acute Abdomen?

Symptoms of acute abdomen may include intense abdominal pain, tenderness, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and fever. In severe cases, patients may experience an inability to pass gas or stool, rapid heartbeat, or signs of shock. The nature of pain whether sharp, cramping, or dull—can provide clues about the underlying cause.

Causes and Risk Factors for Acute Abdomen?

Acute abdomen can be caused by infections, inflammation, obstruction, or trauma. Common conditions include appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and ectopic pregnancy. Risk factors include a history of abdominal surgeries, gastrointestinal disorders, and infections. Immediate medical attention is needed to identify the exact cause.

Treatment Options for Acute Abdomen?

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Mild cases may be managed with medications, fluid therapy, or dietary modifications. However, conditions like appendicitis, bowel obstruction, or perforated ulcers often require emergency surgery. Pain management and antibiotics may also be used in some cases to prevent complications.

When to Seek Medical Help for Acute Abdomen?

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe, persistent abdominal pain, high fever, vomiting, difficulty breathing, or signs of internal bleeding (such as black stools). Delay in treatment can lead to serious complications, so early diagnosis and appropriate medical care are essential.