Aphasia - Medical Glossary

Understanding Aphasia?

Aphasia is a condition where a person has difficulty processing or producing language due to brain damage. It does not affect intelligence but can make communication challenging. There are different types of aphasia, including Broca’s aphasia (difficulty speaking), Wernicke’s aphasia (difficulty understanding), and global aphasia (severe impairment in both speech and comprehension).

Symptoms and Signs of Aphasia?

People with aphasia may struggle to find words, speak in incomplete sentences, use incorrect words, or have trouble understanding conversations. Some may also experience difficulties reading or writing. Depending on the severity, communication may be mildly affected or completely impaired.

Causes and Risk Factors for Aphasia?

Aphasia is commonly caused by stroke, which disrupts blood flow to language-processing areas in the brain. Other causes include traumatic brain injuries, brain tumors, infections, and degenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, head trauma, and aging.

Treatment Options for Aphasia?

Treatment focuses on speech and language therapy to help regain communication skills. Therapy may involve exercises to improve speaking, understanding, and writing abilities. In some cases, assistive communication devices and family support can enhance recovery. The extent of improvement depends on the cause and severity of brain damage.

When to Seek Medical Help for Aphasia?

Seek medical attention if you or a loved one suddenly experiences speech difficulties, trouble understanding words, or difficulty reading or writing. Aphasia following a stroke or brain injury requires urgent medical evaluation. If symptoms progress over time, a doctor may check for neurological disorders or degenerative conditions.