Balloon Angioplasty - Medical Glossary

Understanding Balloon Angioplasty?

This procedure is commonly used to treat coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, or blockages in other blood vessels. The catheter is guided into the artery through a small incision, typically in the groin or wrist. Once the balloon is inflated, it compresses plaque and widens the artery. A stent is often placed afterward to keep the artery open.

Symptoms and Signs That May Require Angioplasty?

Symptoms that may suggest the need for balloon angioplasty include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, or leg pain during walking. These signs indicate reduced blood flow to the heart or limbs, which can result from arterial blockages. In emergencies, angioplasty may be used to quickly restore blood flow during a heart attack.

Causes and Risk Factors for Arterial Blockages?

Atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque made of fat, cholesterol, and other substances builds up inside arteries, is the main cause of blockages. Risk factors include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Family history and age also play a role.

Treatment and Recovery from Balloon Angioplasty?

The procedure usually takes an hour or two, and patients are monitored afterward for complications like bleeding or artery re-narrowing. Recovery is quick, with most people going home the same or next day. Medications to prevent blood clots and lifestyle changes to maintain heart health are important parts of recovery.

When to Seek Medical Help After Angioplasty?

Seek medical care immediately if you experience chest pain, shortness of breath, bleeding or swelling at the catheter site, leg pain, or signs of infection. These could signal complications like artery re-blockage, blood clots, or infection. Regular follow-up is essential to monitor stent health and heart condition.