Chickenpox - Medical Glossary

Understanding Chickenpox?

The virus spreads through direct contact with an infected person or by droplets from coughing or sneezing. After exposure, symptoms typically appear within 10 to 21 days. Once someone recovers, they usually gain lifelong immunity, but the virus can later reactivate as shingles.

Symptoms and Signs of Chickenpox?

Common symptoms include fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, and a widespread rash. The rash starts as red spots, then turns into fluid-filled blisters, eventually forming scabs. The blisters may be extremely itchy, especially in warm or dry environments.

Causes and Risk Factors for Chickenpox?

Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It spreads easily in households, schools, or daycare centers. Risk factors include close contact with infected individuals, being unvaccinated, or having a weak immune system due to illness or medication.

Treatment Options for Chickenpox?

Most cases are treated at home with rest, fluids, and itch relief such as calamine lotion or antihistamines. In severe cases, doctors may prescribe antiviral medications like acyclovir. Keeping nails trimmed and avoiding scratching can prevent skin infections and scarring.

When to Seek Medical Help for Chickenpox?

Call a doctor if high fever persists, the rash spreads to the eyes, or blisters become infected. Adults, pregnant women, or anyone with a weakened immune system should always consult a healthcare provider as chickenpox can lead to serious complications in these groups.