Eardrum - Medical Glossary

Understanding the Structure and Function of the Eardrum?

The eardrum plays a vital role in hearing by transmitting sound waves to the tiny bones in the middle ear. It also acts as a barrier, preventing bacteria and water from entering the middle ear. Its sensitivity and delicate structure make it vulnerable to injury or infection when not cared for properly.

Common Symptoms and Signs of Eardrum Problems?

Problems with the eardrum may cause symptoms such as ear pain, hearing loss, ringing in the ear (tinnitus), fluid drainage, or a feeling of fullness. In severe cases, balance problems or vertigo may occur. A ruptured or infected eardrum can also result in sudden sharp pain and temporary hearing loss.

Causes and Risk Factors for Eardrum Damage?

Eardrum issues may arise from infections (like otitis media), trauma from foreign objects, loud noise exposure, sudden pressure changes (barotrauma), or skull injuries. Frequent ear infections in children, use of earbuds or cotton swabs, and unregulated flying or diving increase the risk of eardrum complications.

Treatment Options and Care for Eardrum Issues?

Minor eardrum injuries may heal on their own, while others need antibiotics, ear drops, or surgical repair (tympanoplasty). Protect the ear from water and avoid inserting objects. Using ear protection in noisy environments and treating infections promptly reduces the risk of long-term hearing damage.

When to Seek Medical Help for Eardrum Conditions?

Seek medical attention if you notice sudden hearing loss, severe ear pain, drainage, or symptoms after a head injury or loud noise exposure. Early diagnosis and treatment help prevent complications like chronic infections or permanent hearing loss. Do not attempt self-care without professional advice.