Enzyme - Medical Glossary

What Do Enzymes Do in the Body??

Enzymes help convert food into usable energy, break down nutrients for absorption, and support processes like muscle repair and detoxification. For example, digestive enzymes like amylase, lipase, and protease break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Without enzymes, many bodily functions would occur too slowly to sustain life.

Types of Enzymes and Where They Work?

Enzymes function in various organs such as the stomach, pancreas, liver, and small intestine. Metabolic enzymes regulate cell energy and repair, digestive enzymes assist nutrient absorption, and other specialized enzymes help with blood clotting, respiration, and immune responses. Each type is vital to maintaining internal balance.

Causes and Symptoms of Enzyme Deficiency?

Enzyme deficiencies can be genetic or result from conditions like pancreatitis, celiac disease, or lactose intolerance. Symptoms may include bloating, indigestion, fatigue, nutrient malabsorption, and unintentional weight loss. Without proper enzyme function, the body struggles to break down food and absorb essential nutrients efficiently.

Enzyme Testing and Replacement Options?

Doctors may order stool, blood, or breath tests to assess enzyme function. Enzyme replacement therapy or dietary supplements can help manage deficiencies. For example, lactase supplements assist in digesting dairy. Treatment depends on the type and cause of the deficiency and is often combined with dietary changes.

When to Seek Medical Advice for Enzyme Issues?

If you frequently experience digestive problems, chronic fatigue, or signs of malnutrition despite a balanced diet, consult a healthcare provider. Persistent symptoms may signal an enzyme-related disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve nutrient absorption and overall well-being.