Fecal Impaction - Medical Glossary

Understanding Fecal Impaction?

Fecal impaction occurs when stool builds up in the intestines and hardens over time. It blocks the normal movement of waste and may lead to partial or complete bowel obstruction. People who are elderly, immobile, or have a history of constipation are more prone to this condition.

Symptoms and Signs of Fecal Impaction?

Common symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and a feeling of fullness. Individuals may also experience leakage of liquid stool, difficulty passing stool, and a loss of appetite. In severe cases, confusion and discomfort due to toxin buildup may occur, especially in older adults.

Causes and Risk Factors for Fecal Impaction?

Chronic constipation is the primary cause. Risk factors include inadequate fiber or fluid intake, inactivity, certain medications (like opioids), neurological disorders, and ignoring the urge to defecate. Older adults and people with mobility or cognitive challenges are particularly at risk.

Treatment Options for Fecal Impaction?

Treatment often begins with manual removal by a healthcare provider, followed by enemas or laxatives to soften and clear the stool. Hydration, fiber supplements, and stool softeners may be recommended for prevention. Long-term strategies focus on addressing underlying constipation and lifestyle modifications.

When to Seek Medical Help for Fecal Impaction?

Seek immediate medical attention if there’s severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, or an inability to pass stool or gas. Delaying treatment can lead to serious complications like bowel perforation or infection. This condition should always be evaluated and treated by a medical professional.