Heart Failure - Medical Glossary

Understanding Heart Failure and How It Develops?

Heart failure typically occurs when the heart muscle becomes weak or stiff, affecting its ability to fill with or pump blood. It can affect the left side, right side, or both sides of the heart. Over time, this can cause fluid buildup in the lungs, legs, and abdomen, leading to serious complications.

Symptoms and Signs of Heart Failure?

Common signs include shortness of breath (especially when lying down), fatigue, swelling in the legs and ankles, rapid heartbeat, and persistent coughing or wheezing. Some individuals may also notice weight gain due to fluid retention or feel dizzy and weak during physical activity or at rest.

Causes and Risk Factors for Heart Failure?

Heart failure is often caused by conditions that damage or overwork the heart, such as coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, heart attack, or diabetes. Other contributors include faulty heart valves, arrhythmias, excessive alcohol use, and congenital heart defects. Uncontrolled risk factors raise the chances of developing this condition.

Treatment Options for Heart Failure?

Treatment includes medications like ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, and lifestyle modifications. In severe cases, devices like pacemakers or implantable defibrillators may be needed. Surgery or heart transplant might be considered in end-stage heart failure. Managing underlying causes and regular monitoring are essential for long-term control.

When to Seek Medical Help for Heart Failure?

Contact a healthcare provider if you experience persistent breathlessness, swelling, fatigue, or sudden weight gain. These symptoms may indicate worsening heart function. If you feel chest pain, faint, or have difficulty breathing, seek emergency care immediately. Early medical attention helps prevent complications and hospitalizations.