Malnutrition - Medical Glossary

Understanding Malnutrition?

Malnutrition occurs when the body doesn’t receive the right amount of nutrients it needs to function properly. This can result from poor diet, digestive disorders, or medical conditions that impair nutrient absorption. It affects physical growth, energy levels, and immune function, making individuals more vulnerable to illness.

Symptoms and Signs of Malnutrition?

Common symptoms include weight loss, fatigue, muscle weakness, pale skin, delayed wound healing, and irritability. In children, it may cause stunted growth and developmental delays. Overnutrition symptoms can include obesity, high cholesterol, and increased risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease.

Causes and Risk Factors for Malnutrition?

Causes include inadequate food intake, poor dietary choices, medical conditions like cancer or gastrointestinal disorders, poverty, and mental health issues. Infants, elderly people, and individuals with chronic illnesses are more at risk. Food insecurity and lack of education on nutrition also contribute significantly.

Treatment Options for Malnutrition?

Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause and restoring nutrient balance through a tailored diet plan. Nutritional supplements, fortified foods, or tube feeding may be used in severe cases. Ongoing monitoring by a healthcare professional is essential to track progress and prevent recurrence.

When to Seek Medical Help for Malnutrition?

Consult a healthcare provider if you or someone you care for is experiencing unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or changes in appetite. Early intervention can prevent complications and support recovery. Regular health check-ups and nutritional assessments are especially important for vulnerable populations.