Necrosis - Medical Glossary

Understanding Necrosis?

Necrosis occurs when cells in a specific area die prematurely, usually due to trauma, lack of oxygen, toxins, or infection. Unlike apoptosis, which is a normal and controlled cell death process, necrosis is often harmful and leads to inflammation and tissue damage.

Symptoms and Signs of Necrosis?

Symptoms of necrosis vary depending on the area affected but commonly include skin discoloration (black or darkened tissue), swelling, foul odor, pain, and loss of function in the area. If internal organs are affected, systemic symptoms like fever or shock may occur.

Causes and Risk Factors for Necrosis?

Necrosis can result from blood flow blockage (as in heart attacks or strokes), severe infections, trauma, radiation exposure, or certain chemicals. Risk factors include diabetes, peripheral artery disease, chronic wounds, and weakened immune systems.

Treatment Options for Necrosis?

Treatment depends on the severity and location of the necrosis. Options include antibiotics for infection, surgical removal of dead tissue (debridement), hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or amputation in severe cases. Early diagnosis is key to preventing tissue spread and further complications.

When to Seek Medical Help for Necrosis?

Seek immediate medical help if you notice unusual discoloration, pain, foul smell, or sudden swelling in any part of your body. Prompt care is crucial, as untreated necrosis can lead to severe infections, organ failure, or sepsis, which can be life-threatening.